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Asphalt, Tarmac, Blacktop, Hot Mix, Cold Mix — The NZ Terminology Cheat-Sheet

  • PotholeExpert
  • May 22
  • 2 min read

Tradies, hardware-store staff, your dad, and the internet all use different words for what's basically the same thing. Here's the NZ-specific glossary so you can tell what you have, what you need, and what to ask for.

The full glossary

Asphalt

The proper NZ industry term. Aggregate (crushed stone) bound with bitumen, laid hot or cold as a continuous black surface. What's on most driveways, carparks, and roads.

Blacktop

American term for asphalt. Used interchangeably in NZ casual speech. Same product, different word. If you searched "blacktop repair NZ" you meant asphalt repair.

Tarmac

Casual NZ word for asphalt ("the tarmac drive"). Strictly, tarmac was tar macadam — an older surface using coal-tar binder, mostly phased out by the 1980s. Today when Kiwis say tarmac, they almost always mean asphalt.

Bitumen

The black sticky binder inside asphalt. Bitumen is the glue; asphalt is the aggregate-plus-bitumen mix. "Bitumen driveway" usually means an asphalt driveway in casual NZ usage.

Hot mix asphalt

Asphalt produced in a plant at 140-160°C, transported in an insulated truck, laid and compacted while still hot. Standard for new driveways, carparks, and permanent patches. Needs dry conditions and 8°C+ ambient temperature to lay properly.

Cold mix asphalt

Asphalt premixed with a solvent or polymer-modified binder so it stays workable at room temperature. Comes in bags from Bunnings or Mitre 10 (standard, NZ$30-60 a bag) or in bulk from specialist suppliers (polymer-modified, lasts 6-12 months instead of 3-6).

Chipseal

Sprayed bitumen with stone chips rolled on top — loose-stone texture, distinctly different look from asphalt. Cheaper than asphalt, common on NZ rural roads and some driveways. Failures show as loose stones, bald patches, and edge ravelling.

Macadam / sealed driveway / sealed metal

Older terms still used by some NZ contractors. Macadam is essentially chipseal. "Sealed driveway" or "sealed metal" means a chipseal surface laid over crushed-stone ("metal") base.

Quick lookup: what you have → what you need

  • Smooth black driveway with a pothole → asphalt repair (hot mix or polymer cold mix)

  • Loose-stone surface with bald patches → chipseal repair

  • White or light-grey driveway with cracks → concrete repair (refer out)

  • "Tarmac" driveway your parents installed in the 1980s → almost certainly asphalt now — we can repair it

  • Bagged "cold patch" from Bunnings you tried, didn't last → standard cold mix has 3-6 month life on a driveway. Polymer-modified cold mix lasts 6-12 months. Hot mix lasts 8-12 years.

Still unsure? Send a photo. We will tell you what you've got, and either quote (asphalt or chipseal) or refer out (concrete).

 
 
 

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